In the early spring when bees start out packing in pollen, when does the nectar start coming in? Does pollen come first and then nectar as it warms up?
Jen, I re-read your original question.
Remembering back to science class, we were taught that plants and pollinators evolved together. In order for some plants to be pollinated, the plant entices the pollinator to it's petals with a reward of a bit of nectar. While getting to the source of the nectar, the pollinator will brush up against the anthers, which is where the pollen is located, the pollen will stick to the hair or feathers. As the pollinator moves from flower to flower, it deposits pollen and picks up more pollen. Thus completing the pollination process. It is my understanding that blooms produce nectar and pollen simultaneously.
Temperature is the biggest factor having an influence on a plant species bloom period. Too cold, the plant is slow to bloom. Too hot, the plant can bloom early and blooms will dry up early.
The amount of nectar a bloom produces can vary as well, based upon temperature and age of bloom. During spring build up, foragers pack in the pollen to feed developing larvae. They are bringing back nectar as well, but probably consuming it as fast as they bring it in.
Some plant species are both desirable nectar and pollen sources for honey bees. Some species are only pollen sources. Some are only nectar sources. The blooms produce both, but sometimes only one aspect is favored by honey bees. I have seen my bees bringing in orange pollen on warm days in January. They found old blooming plants somewhere that were still standing.
A great resource for beekeepers is
Garden Plants for Honey Bees by Peter Lindtner. The chapters are the 12 months so you know what is blooming during that month. He does a fantastic job of using a point system. Each plant is given a point system in regards to nectar and pollen.
A trick to beekeeping can be knowing when to feed and stimulate egg laying. Another trick can be knowing when to stop feeding so that your colony doesn't swarm.
