I'm not 17 anymore so I don't know everything like I used too <wink, wink>
LOL Some of us realize this at 20 ish, some it takes a while longer...
My Son called from Afghanistan with that new knowledge.. my daughter, it took her another two years....
Granulated sugar is an excellent way to emergency feed when it is cold. The bees are not as active and wont haul it out. If its warm enough they will haul it out, along with the paper that supports it. Which means, a lot of it will end up on your bottom board and will need to be cleaned off.. It will also not do any harm and some of it may be used...
1/1 syrup they can use immediately, to feed and to use as a resource for making wax, so try to feed them syrup when getting them started. It gives them time to find the real thing, and it allows them to get comb started.
three or four holes in spring to help build comb. They do not get it fast enough to store it as honey.
a dozen or so holes in fall to feed them fast so they WILL store it for winter reserves. (If they need it)
The Itallians will build up a little faster than the Carniolans, and will in general look more impressive as they get started.. The Bees from Slovenia will catch up to a certain point, and will produce honey very nearly on par with the larger Italian hive.. The one major difference will be when you open the hive in the spring for the first time. The bees from the Austrian Alps will have a smaller cluster, and it will scare you when you compare it to the Italian cluster. The Carnys are more adept a regulating the worker population in regards to the actual flow.. They are also generally gentle and calm, with less of a propensity to rob.
However, they do tend to swarm sooner when overcrowded, and the queen "can" be a little harder to find when there are a lot of bees. Given a choice I would choose them over the Italians, but everyone has their own preferences... and.. after a supersedure or swarm, your queens will be mutts, if they are not already. Mine are... From a dark queen I like a lot, I got half a dozen tiger striped queens, two golden queens, One queen with a black tip on her tail, and the rest were darker queens.
Its always exciting to see what they will produce.. Usually, you can look at the bees in her hive and tell.. I even have some BLACK bees with no stripes on their abdomen at all.. I am still waiting for that BLACK queen to pop out.
OK, I'll quit rambling now.. Sounds like your having a lot of fun.. thats what its all about!
Scott