To answer our question, I would suggest a simple experiment: Take a queen and place her in a cage with different "developmental statge" bees and see if they feed her.
Easier said than done. But in truth, if you've caged queens over the years, most likely you've taken worker bees of various stages. From my experience, any bees placed with a queen will feed her (except for drones--those lazy good for "almost" nothings). If she extends her ligula in search of food, any bee will respond affirmatively.